Introduction

Miscarriage, also known as spontaneous abortion, is the loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week.
It is a deeply personal and often painful experience, affecting not only the individuals directly involved but also their families and communities.

Despite its frequency—occurring in about 10–20% of known pregnancies—miscarriage remains a topic shrouded in silence and misunderstanding.
This guide aims to shed light on the causes, emotional impact, medical considerations, and avenues for support surrounding miscarriage, fostering awareness and compassion for those navigating such a loss.

What Causes Miscarriage?

The causes of miscarriage are diverse and often involve multiple factors. Understanding these can help clarify why pregnancy loss occurs.

1. Chromosomal Abnormalities

The most common cause of miscarriage is chromosomal abnormalities in the developing embryo.
These usually result from random errors during cell division, preventing the embryo from developing as expected.

2. Maternal Health Conditions

Certain health issues in the expectant parent can increase the risk of miscarriage, such as:

• Uncontrolled diabetes

• Thyroid disorders

• Infections (e.g., rubella, listeria)

• Autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus)

These conditions can affect the uterine environment or interfere with fetal development.

3. Structural Abnormalities

Issues such as uterine fibroids, congenital malformations, or cervical insufficiency can impede embryo implantation or cause loss during the second trimester.

4. Lifestyle Factors

While most miscarriages are not caused by personal actions, certain lifestyle choices can raise risk:

• Smoking

• Excessive alcohol intake

• Illicit drug use

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help support pregnancy outcomes.

The Emotional Impact of Miscarriage

Miscarriage is not merely a medical event—it is an emotional journey. Grief can be as deep as losing a loved one, yet it often comes with isolation and guilt.

1. Grief and Loss

Loss of pregnancy includes both the physical reality and the emotional impact of losing future hopes.
Grief may involve stages such as denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

2. Feelings of Guilt

Many individuals blame themselves, but most miscarriages occur due to factors beyond one’s control.

3. Impact on Partners and Families

Partners and relatives may also grieve, sometimes in different ways.
Open communication is essential for mutual support.

Diagnosis and Management

Common symptoms: vaginal bleeding, abdominal cramps, and passing of tissue.
Diagnosis is usually confirmed with ultrasound or blood tests.

Management options:

• Expectant management – allowing the process to occur naturally

• Pharmacological management – using medication to assist

• Surgical management – such as dilation and curettage (D&C)

Future Fertility

Many who experience miscarriage go on to have healthy pregnancies.
If miscarriages are recurrent, medical evaluation can help identify treatable causes.

Requesting and Providing Support

Support can make a tremendous difference in emotional recovery.
Helpful resources include:

• Counseling and support groups

• Compassionate listening from family and friends

• Self-care practices (journaling, meditation, creative expression)

• Meaningful remembrance activities (planting a tree, creating a memory box)

Breaking the Silence

A major challenge is the silence surrounding miscarriage.
By speaking openly, we can reduce stigma, increase awareness, and create a more supportive environment.

Miscarriage is a complex and often misunderstood experience.
Understanding its causes, recognizing its emotional effects, and offering compassionate support are important steps toward healing.

At Still Mom, we are committed to walking alongside you on your journey toward recovery and hope. ❤️